Expansion joints and bellows are components used in piping systems to allow for movement, expansion, contraction, and vibration. Expansion joints are flexible connectors that are designed to absorb thermal expansion and contraction of a pipe system, as well as accommodate movement and displacement, while still maintaining a seal. They are commonly used in systems where there is high temperature fluctuations, such as steam lines or exhaust systems.

Bellows, on the other hand, are flexible, accordion-like structures that are used to absorb vibration and reduce stress in piping systems. They provide flexibility and movement in a system, allowing for changes in length or direction without putting stress on the piping.

Both expansion joints and bellows are critical components in ensuring the longevity and efficiency of a piping system, as they help to prevent damage and failure caused by thermal stresses, vibration, and movement. They come in a variety of materials, sizes, and designs to suit different applications and environments. Proper selection, installation, and maintenance of expansion joints and bellows are essential to ensure the optimal performance and longevity of a piping system.